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J. J. OARMODY.

Pipe Wrench.

N0.- 238,761. Patented March 15,1881.

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% 2 6 wz-ywm/ z W J M M UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JEREMIAH J. GARMODY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

PIPE-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 238,761, dated March15, 1881.

Application filed January 26, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JEREMIAH J. OARMoDY, acitizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn. in the county ofKings and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvementsin Pipe-Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in tools for turning pipes,rods, and bars, as turned by pipe-tongs, its object being to obtain uponthe article to be turned a firm purchase throughout the greater portionof its perimeter, whatever may be its shape, and to provide fortightening the gripe of the tool by the application of force to turn thearticle.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of myimproved wrench as applied to a pipe. Fi 2 is a side view, partially insection. Fig. 3 is an end view of the tool applied to the flange of apipe.

The letter A designates an iron lever or bar, having its end curved andserrated, as at B, orits end may be straight, if desired, and notserrated.

O is a strong hook projecting from one side of the lever, near its end,and D is the flat chain firmly secured to the opposite side of thelever. This chain may be of any desired length, and is composed ofrectangular links (I, connected together by thimbles, the sides of whichare pressed inwardly toward each other, so that two edges of eachthimble will be in contact with a pipe or curved article upon which thetool is used.

The tool, as described, is used by placing the side of the end portionof the lever, from which the chain leads, upon the article to beturnedsay upon the flangeof a pipeas shown in Fig. 1, and thenstretching the chain around the article, and hitching one of its linksto the hook U. The lever being then moved in the direction in which thehook projects, or as indicated by the arrow No. 1, the pipe can beturned. The end of the lever is preferably so curved and tapered that itmay extend into thelinks, and when thus used the bar may be moved in thedirection of the chain, as indicated by the arrow No. 2.

There is but little liability of bruising articles turned by my improvedwrench, as the chain embraces it so snugly and in contact with such anextent of surface that the strain is very much distributed.

A pipe-wrench somewhat similar in construction to that described hasbeen heretofore in use, but it is provided with an ordinarycable-chainthat is, a chain having its alternate links in planes atright angles to each other-so that only one edge of every other link cantouch the article griped. Another wrench has been provided with a chaincomposed of links formed of fiat plates, pivoted fiatwise together, sothat their edges only can come in contact with the article griped, andonly every other link-edge, even then, can touch the periphery of anarticle narrower than the edges of the plates. Such wrenches areobviously unfitted for grasping narrow articles, as flanges, disks, andthe like. There has also been used a 1,)ipe-wrencl1in which the handleis provided with a clasp composed of two aws pivoted together and curvedto fit around a pipe, one of the jaws being pivoted to the handle nearits end, and the other at its free end provided with a head to engagewith the hooked end of the lever. Such a wrench has a very limited rangeof use, being without means of adjustment to suit articles of varioussizes.

What I claim isl. The combination,with the lever provided near one endwith a laterally-projecting stud or hook, of the chain leading from theopposite side of said lever, and composed of the flat links connected bythe thimbles, the opposite sides of which are bent inwardly toward eachother between the links, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the lever, provided with thelaterally-projecting hook, and having its end curved and tapered, ofthe'chain leading from the side of said lever, near its end, in theopposite direction to the curve in said end, and provided with flatlinks adapted to fit over either said curved end or the hook projectingfrom the lever, substantially as described, whereby the lever may behitched to turn in either direction.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing I00 witnesses.

JEREMIAH J. OARMODY.

Witnesses H. G. HINTON, GEO. H. BENTON.

